Zinc Oxide 99.9% Gold Seal Pharmaceutical

We invite you to check the enclosed Technical Data Sheet and thus verify the very special characteristics of our Gold Seal Zinc Oxide.

AN INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX FOR METAL TRANSFORMATION

Located near the seaport zone of Lima, the capital of Peru, Industrias Electro Químicas (IEQSA) is the largest industrial complex dedicated to z i n c transformation in Peru, and all of South America.

Its operations include the production of metallurgical zin c derivatives such as alloys, rolled (plates, sheets and coils), calots for the manufacture of zin c-carbon batteries, powders for alkaline batteries, strips for electrochemical applications, letterpress plates, anodes for electroplating, etc., and chemical products such as zinc oxide. IEQSA's exports reach satisfied clients throughout the world.

We are not a giant among metal industries worldwide - but we are certainly a modern and efficient installation, with the strength of a young nation which can boast one of the world's oldest metallurgical traditions. Special emphasis and care is placed on quality control. We will do absolutely the best at your service... and that important difference, service, will make you prefer us. We don't need to be the greatest to do great things for you.

If your needs have anything to do with z i n c, please consult us. We have a wide range of metallurgical and chemical derivatives at your entire disposal - and a will to serve you, that only a company of our size can have

Z i n c oxide is a chemical compound with the formula ZnO. It is nearly insoluble in water but soluble in acids and alkalis. It occurs as white hexagonal crystals or a white powder commonly known as z i n c white. Z i n c o x i d e occurs in nature as the mineral z i n cite. Crystalline z i n c o-x-i-d-e exhibits the piezoelectric effect and is thermochromic, changing from white to yellow when heated.

French process
Metallic zinc is melted in a graphite crucible and vaporized above 907 °C. Zinc vapor instantaneously reacts with the oxygen in the air to give ZnO, accompanied by a drop in its temperature and bright luminescence. Zinc o x i d e particles are transported into a cooling duct and collected in a bag house. This indirect method is commonly known as the French process (FP) which was popularised by LeClaire (France) in 1844. A typical FP, z-i-n-c o x i d e normally consists of agglomerated z-i-n-c o x i d e particles with an average size of 0.1 micrometres to a few micrometres. By weight, most of the world's zinc o x i d e is manufactured via French process and major applications involve industries related to rubber, varistors, sunscreens, paints, healthcare, and poultry nutrients. Recent developments involve acicular nanostructures (rods, wires, tripods, tetrapods, plates) synthesized using a modified French process known as catalyst-free combust-oxidized mesh (CFCOM) process. Acicular nanostructures usually have micrometre-length nanorods with nanometric diameters (below 100 nm).

The so-called direct method is related to the FP. In this process, zinc ores or roasted sulfide concentrates are mixed with coal. In a reduction furnace, ore is reduced to metallic zinc and the vaporized zinc is allowed to react with oxygen to form zinc o x i d e.

Medical applications
Z i n c o x i d e lozenges are a popular over-the-counter cold remedy, but numerous studies have failed to demonstrate any significant effect.[1] Zinc o-x-i-d-e in a mixture with about 0.5% iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3) is called calamine and is used in calamine lotion. There are also two minerals, zincite and hemimorphite, which have been called calamine historically (see: calamine (mineral)). When mixed with eugenol, zinc o x i d e eugenol forms which has restorative and prosthodontic applications in dentistry

Chemical and Biosensor applications
Zinc oxide (ZnO) has received considerable attention because of its unique optical, semiconducting, piezoelectric, and magnetic properties. ZnO nanostructures exhibit interesting properties including high catalytic efficiency and strong adsorption ability. Recently, the interest has been focused toward the application of ZnO in biosensing because of its high isoelectric point (9.5), biocompatibility, and fast electron transfer kinetics. Such features advocate the use of this exciting material as a biomimic membrane to immobilize and modify biomolecules

As a food additive
Z i n c o x i d e is added to many breakfast cereals, as a source of z-i-n-c; a necessary nutrient. (Other cereals may contain z-i-n-c sulfate, for the same purpose.) Some prepackaged foods also include trace amounts.

Rubber manufacture
Z i n c o x i d e and stearic acid are ingredients in the commercial manufacture of rubber goods. A mixture of these two compounds allows a quicker and more controllable rubber cure. Z i n c o x i d e can also be used as a filler in some rubber mixtures.

LUBRICANTS

In the research and development of improved lubricants over the past two decades, ZnO and its derivatives have been intently studied. Zn Dithiophosphates which are prepared by reacting ZnO with organic Phosphates, are used in substantial quantities as additives to lubricating oils for automotive engines, to reduce oxidation corrosion and wear. ZnO has been found to contribute special properties in many types of lubricants, such as extreme-pressure lubricants, seizure-resistant lubricants, and greases. Improved adhesion is another feature which ZnO contributes.

ZnO imparts special properties to greases and other variety of lubricants. Such greases are useful in the lubrication of food–processing equipment.

PAINTS

ZnO in organic coatings provides a broad spectrum of properties: optical, chemical, biochemical and physical. Over the past century the paint industry, in its constant development of improved products, has utilized various aspects of those properties to high degree.

Manufacturers discovered that they could produce coatings of brushing consistency and good suspension properties by incorporation of ZnO into their pastes. Painters noted that they furnished better hiding power, whiteness, cleaner tints, tint retention, and durability as well as nondarkening in the presence of sulfur fumes. French-process ZnO has been proved superior to American-process type in fungus resistance and less sulfide staining.

Peru: the gift of the Andes. Buried deep within this nation of South America's Central Andes, the world finds one of its prime mineral reserves. In the 10th century B.C. ancient Peruvian cultures were already developing mining and metallurgical techniques with surprising skill. Since Europeans confronted this amazing reality in the XVI century, they coined the phrase "It's worth a Peru", inspired by the country's fabulous riches. Peru's z i n c production dates from the same pre-hispanic origins when Peruvians mastered silver, gold and copper, continuing its development throughout the Spanish Colonial era.

Modern z i n c refining in Peru started with the La Oroya refinery in 1922, and continued its development with the inauguration of a second refinery, the most modern and sophisticated installation of its type, in April l98l. Hydroelectric energy, another gift of the Andes, provides us with an internationally competitive source of electricity. Since 2004, the opening of the Camisea natural gas fields, one of South America’s largest, has provided IEQSA with an additional internationally competitive energy source. Finally, the recent inauguration of new z i n c mines, has placed Peru in the second place among the world’s z i n c exporters.

History and technological skills are thus the base and support of Peru's modern z i n c transformation industry: a first quality raw material, locally available, coming from the world's second largest z i n c exporter... a land of plentiful cheap energy resources.

Industrias Electro Químicas S.A.(IEQSA), proud of Peru's mining tradition, and firmly founded upon its developed and modern z i n c industry, has the most solid reasons to present itself to the world markets. Reasons as solid as Peru's Andes themselves.

IEQSA produce and export zinc alloys, zinc balls, Zinkoxyd, Galvanisierung, oxido, hexagonos, electrogalvanizing, electroplating, Zinkanoden, Titanzink, Oxyde, Powder, Zamak, electroplating anodes.

Quality controls in agreement with ISO criteria: this has been our permanent occupation. The control of our zinc and our other production materials; the control of our industrial processes; the control of our finished goods… All of these executed under normalized procedures, with adequate registers that allow full trace-back of any variables analyzed.

IEQSA counts on a modern laboratory to support all its production and quality control activities. Our chemical analyses are made both by atomic emission and atomic absorption, both internationally known and trustworthy methods. We count on our own equipment to measure the specific surface area of our zinc oxide. We own a well developed laboratory for metallurgical tests for rolled zinc products, allowing us to control characteristics such as: specific temper, deep-drawing capability, fluency, resistance to traction, bending quality and metal fatigue from alternate bending.

In summary: IEQSA holds the analysis capabilities to verify, with certainty, the compliance to the technical norms which our customers require.